The case of melorheostosis reported increases the preponderance of the cases involving males and makes the fifth case involving the left lower extremity. If the dermatological findings can be considered to be intimately connected with the bone pathology, the earliest onset of known symptoms is placed at six months of age. The wide-spread scleroderma present in this case has not been hitherto reported and is particularly interesting in that the sclerotic area of the skin is directly superimposed over the sclerotic area of bone. The report of fever following the injury might be interpreted as giving support to the theory of an infectious process. Shortening, not often noted, was present. In this case, unlike those hitherto reported, there seem to be associated lesions in the upper end of the femur which suggest the appearance of osteitis fibrosa cystica.