Prof. Frejka has discarded the treatment by extension of fractures of the femur in infants and has adopted the treatment by a plaster bandage with the limbs in abduction. This treatment was introduced after experience had demonstrated that extension is not necessary to obtain satisfactory results in infants. It is only necessary to replace the fragments in true alignment, which is the first consideration. Replacement of the fragments is best obtained by the abduction of the limbs in a plaster bandage in the same manner as in the treatment of congenital dislocation of the hip. In the case of a longitudinal displacement, in spite of the fact that the fragments are not replaced, the shortening is compensated during the healing process by overgrowth, so that finally both lower limbs are the same length. If the fragments are not replaced in true alignment, various defects of the hip joint—such as coxa vara, coxa valga, anteversion or retroversion of the neck, or associated defects—may follow.