1. Local infiltration anaesthesia with procaine solution and adrenalin is the preferred anaesthesia for most spine operations including fusions, laminectomies, and combined procedures.
2. Local infiltration anaesthesia with procaine should be preceded by the administration of a barbiturate as a mild sedative, but primarily to prevent procaine reactions.
3. The introduction of the procaine solution through drill holes reduced or eliminated endosteal pain caused by the motor saw or osteotome, when cutting full-thickness tibia! grafts.
4. It is suggested, by the last two cases in this series, that equal amounts of the solution, 0.5 per cent. procaine with adrenalin is as satisfactory an anaesthetic agent for infiltration anaesthesia as 1-per-cent. procaine with adrenalin.
5. In a recent series of fifty-four spine operations from 1939 to 1942 the incidence of complications was satisfactorily low.