Sections of peripheral nerves from seventy-eight cases of various congenital deformities have been studied with regard to pathology. Of the seventy-eight cases, seventy or 91 per cent., showed definite pathological changes of the nerves to some degree. Excluding the cases of sarcoma and idiopathic scoliosis which might not be considered as congenital, pathological changes were found in 97 per cent. of the slides. These percentages seemed too good to be true. It was felt that perhaps they were "weighted" by the presence of twenty-four cases showing the presence of the typical stigmata of neurofibroma. However, even if these cases are omitted, the percentage still remains at fifty-nine, a figure which would indicate a definite association with congenital deformities.