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Biochemical Investigations of Deer Antler Growth PART II. QUANTITATIVE MICROCHEMICAL CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH ANTLER BONE FORMATION
ROBERT E. KUHLMAN; ROBERT RAINEY; ROXANA O'NEILL
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From the Orthopedic Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis
1963 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated
The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery.  1963; 45:345-350 
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Abstract

The localized content of lactic, malic, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenases, phosphoglucoisomerase, alkaline phosphatase, and total phosphate at five selected stages of deer antler formation has been investigated by means of quantitative microchemical methods. Generally, the antler tine has a higher over-all level of enzyme activity than do the epiphyseal plates previously studied. Alkaline phosphatase in the preosseous zones of the tine rises to extremely high levels, much above anything reported in the epiphyseal plate. However, no increase in phosphate content was observed to be associated with the increase in alkaline phosphatase. The source of the seasonal elevation of circulating alkaline phosphatase occurring in male deer is shown in this paper, as well as in the previous paper of the series, to be the preosseous areas of the proliferating antler tine.

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    These activities have been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint sponsorship of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
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