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Anterior Occipito-Cervical Fusion Using an Extra-Pharyngeal Exposure
J. ROBIN DE ANDRADE; IAN MACNAB
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From the Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wellesley Hospital, Toronto
1969 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Incorporated
The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery.  1969; 51:1621-1626 
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Abstract

A method of exposing the anterior aspect of the occipitocervical spine is reported. The field of surgery is entirely outside the pharynx and larynx.

The operation is an upward extension of the well known anterior route to the cervical spine, and hence is extensile.

Arthrodesis of the occipitocervical region and the high cervical spine can be readily performed through this exposure. Five cases are reported of such a procedure.

It is suggested that surgery on the pharynx, occiput, atlanto-axial region, foramen magnum, and the base of the brain and brain stem could be performed through this approach.

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    Accreditation Statement
    These activities have been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) through the joint sponsorship of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons and The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc. The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
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