Scoliosis in childhood muscular dystrophy is described as it appeared in a series of twenty-three dystrophic children and adolescents. The spinal deformity appears to become more common with increasing age and often is severe. The curvature does not appear to result from asymmetry of muscle power or contractures, but is due to a pure collapse resulting from absence of active trunk muscles. The development of the spine deformities may be one of the causes of loss of walking potential. Conservative treatment has not proved useful and it has been considered that early and extensive spine fusion must be the treatment of choice.